The “Semaphore timeout period has expired” error (System Error 121) occurs when your computer attempts to transfer data to or from an external drive or network location and fails to receive a response within a set timeframe. You’re most likely...

Error Code 0xc000000e is a Windows Boot Manager message indicating that the operating system cannot locate the files required to start the computer. Usually, the Boot Configuration Data (BCD) has become corrupted, is missing, or is pointing to a drive...

A device which does not exist was specified is a critical Windows error that occurs when the operating system loses its hardware connection to a storage device in the middle of a task.  When this message appears, the communication link...

“The parameter is incorrect” (Error 0x80070057) indicates that Windows can’t access a device, or that key system files are corrupt. Learn more.

You’ve decided to use RAID, but you’re not sure why RAID 5 is the most popular choice for home users and small businesses. Isn’t RAID 6 better? RAID 6 offers a higher level of fault tolerance than RAID 5 because...

While RAID 6 offers higher fault tolerance than RAID 5, its error correction system creates unique challenges when multiple drives fail or a controller malfunction occurs. Successful data recovery requires correct identification of the parity rotation and the exact point...

You need to recover files from a hard drive, solid-state drive (SSD), USB stick, RAID array, or some other type of storage device — but you’re not sure what to do next. Logically, you know that you’ll need to work...

A drive showing its full capacity as Unallocated Space despite containing files moments before indicates a failure of the partition table or file system metadata.  Your data remains physically present on the media, but the operating system has lost the...

In the process of a data recovery evaluation, you might hear that your device has stiction.  Stiction occurs when the read/write heads of a storage device become physically stuck to the data storage media. That prevents it from reading or...

Recovering files from a failed LTO-9 tape involves identifying the specific failure mode and using forensic imaging techniques to extract the raw data bitstreams. In this guide, we will cover common LTO-9 failure scenarios, the technical challenges of the format,...